java.lang.Object
- com.xmlmind.util.URLUtil

```
public final class URLUtil
extends Object
```
A collection of utility functions (static methods) operating on URLs.
Work with any hierarchical URLs. Does not work with opaque URLs, except for a few functions which work with "jar:" URLs.
Note that, for these few functions, the path of "jar:" URL (e.g. jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class) is everything after "!/", including the leading "/".

Nested Class Summary

Nested Classes
Modifier and Type Class Description

static class URLUtil.URLComparator
Compares two URLs by their external forms.

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type Field Description

static URLUtil.URLComparator COMPARATOR
A ready-to-use URLComparator.

static URL[] EMPTY_LIST
A ready-to-use empty list of URLs.

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method	Description
`static URLConnection`	`checkHttpConnection(URLConnection connection, boolean followRedirects)`	Establish specified HTTP connection and check whether it returns a "200 OK".
`static String`	`contentTypeToCharset(String contentType)`	Returns the value of the charset parameter possibly found in specified content type.
`static String`	`contentTypeToMedia(String contentType)`	Parses a content type such as "`text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1`" and returns the media type (for the above example "`text/html`").
`static int`	`copyFile(String srcLocation, String dstLocation)`	Copies the contents of specified URL to specified "`file:`" URL.
`static URL`	`createURL(String spec)`	Same as `new URL(spec)`, except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in `spec` are %HH-encoded.
`static URL`	`createURL(URL context, String spec)`	Same as `new URL(context, spec)`, except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in `spec` are %HH-encoded.
`static URL`	`createURL(URL context, String spec, URLStreamHandler handler)`	Same as `new URL(context, spec, handler)`, except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in `spec` are %HH-encoded.
`static boolean`	`exists(URL url)`	Equivalent to `exists(url, true, -1)`.
`static boolean`	`exists(URL url, boolean followRedirects, int timeout)`	Tests whether specified URL corresponds to an existing resource.
`static String`	`getBaseName(URL url)`	Same as `getRawBaseName(java.net.URL)` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static String`	`getExtension(URL url)`	Same as `getRawExtension(java.net.URL)` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static String`	`getFragment(URL url)`	Same as `URL.getRef` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static URL`	`getParent(URL url)`	Returns the parent of specified URL, if any.
`static String`	`getPath(URL url)`	Same as `getRawPath(java.net.URL)` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static String`	`getRawBaseName(URL url)`	Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) basename part of the path, if specified URL has a path.
`static String`	`getRawExtension(URL url)`	Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) extension of the path, if specified URL has a path.
`static String`	`getRawPath(URL url)`	Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) path, if specified URL has a path.
`static String`	`getRawRelativePath(URL url, URL base)`	Returns the path of specified URL relative to specified base URL.
`static String`	`getRawUserName(URL url)`	Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) user name, if a user info is found in specified URL.
`static String`	`getRawUserPassword(URL url)`	Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) user password, if a user info is found in specified URL.
`static URL`	`getRoot(URL url)`	Returns the root of specified URL.
`static String`	`getUserName(URL url)`	Same as `getRawUserName(java.net.URL)` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static String`	`getUserPassword(URL url)`	Same as `getRawUserPassword(java.net.URL)` except that the returned value is decoded using `URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String)`.
`static boolean`	`isAncestorOf(URL ancestorURL, URL url)`	Tests whether first specified URL is an ancestor of second specified URL.
`static boolean`	`isDataURL(URL url)`	Returns `true` if specified URL is a `data:` URL, otherwise returns `false`
`static boolean`	`isFileURL(URL url)`	Returns `true` if specified URL is a `file:` URL, otherwise returns `false`
`static boolean`	`isJarURL(URL url)`	Returns `true` if specified URL is a `jar:` URL, otherwise returns `false`
`static long`	`lastModified(URL url)`	Equivalent to `lastModified(url, true, -1)`.
`static long`	`lastModified(URL url, boolean followRedirects, int timeout)`	Returns the date of the resource having specified URL.
`static byte[]`	`loadBytes(URL url)`	Equivalent to `loadBytes(url, true, -1)`.
`static byte[]`	`loadBytes(URL url, boolean followRedirects, int timeout)`	Loads the content of an URL containing binary data.
`static String`	`loadString(URL url)`	Equivalent to `loadString(url, null, true, -1)`.
`static String`	`loadString(URL url, String charset)`	Equivalent to `loadString(url, charset, true, -1)`.
`static String`	`loadString(URL url, String charset, boolean followRedirects, int timeout)`	Loads the content of an URL containing text.
`static URL`	`newURL(String spec)`	A cover for `URL(String)`.
`static URL`	`newURL(String protocol, String host, int port, String file)`	A cover for `URL(String, String, int, String)`.
`static URL`	`newURL(String protocol, String host, int port, String file, URLStreamHandler handler)`	A cover for `URL(String, String, int, String, URLStreamHandler)`.
`static URL`	`newURL(String protocol, String host, String file)`	A cover for `URL(String, String, String)`.
`static URL`	`newURL(URL context, String spec)`	A cover for `URL(URL, String)`.
`static URL`	`newURL(URL context, String spec, URLStreamHandler handler)`	A cover for `URL(URL, String, URLStreamHandler)`.
`static String`	`normalizeContentType(String contentType, String defaultCharset)`	Returns a normalized string form for specified content type.
`static URLConnection`	`openConnectionNoCache(URL url)`	Similar to `url.openConnection` except that the accessed resource may not be a cached copy.
`static URLConnection`	`openConnectionUseCache(URL url)`	Similar to `url.openConnection` except that the accessed resource may be a cached copy.
`static InputStream`	`openStreamNoCache(URL url)`	Similar to `url.openStream` except that the accessed resource may not be a cached copy.
`static InputStream`	`openStreamUseCache(URL url)`	Similar to `url.openStream` except that the accessed resource may be a cached copy.
`static boolean`	`sameContentType(String ct1, String ct2, String defaultCharset)`	Tests whether specified content types are identical.
`static boolean`	`sameRoot(URL url1, URL url2)`	Returns `true` if specified URLs have the same root.
`static URL`	`setExtension(URL url, String extension)`	Same as `setRawExtension(java.net.URL, java.lang.String)` except that specified extension is quoted using `URIComponent.quotePath(java.lang.String)`.
`static URL`	`setFragment(URL url, String fragment)`	Same as `setRawFragment(java.net.URL, java.lang.String)` except that specified fragment is quoted using `URIComponent.quoteFragment(java.lang.String)`.
`static URL`	`setRawExtension(URL url, String extension)`	Changes the extension of specified URL to specified extension.
`static URL`	`setRawFragment(URL url, String fragment)`	Changes the fragment of specified URL to specified fragment.
`static URL`	`setRawUserInfo(URL url, String userName, String password)`	Changes the user info of specified URL to specified user info.
`static URL`	`setUserInfo(URL url, String userName, String password)`	Same as `setRawUserInfo(java.net.URL, java.lang.String, java.lang.String)` except that specified user info is quoted using `URIComponent.quoteUserInfo(java.lang.String)`.
`static String`	`toDisplayForm(URL url)`	Same as `java.net.URL.toExternalForm` except that returned string may contain non-ASCII characters and that, if specified URL contains a password, the characters of this password are replaced by `'*'`.
`static String`	`toLabel(URL url)`	Same as `toDisplayForm(java.net.URL)` but `file:` URLs not having a fragment are displayed as plain file names.
`static String`	`toShortDisplayForm(URL url, int maxLength)`	Same as `toDisplayForm(java.net.URL)` except that the returned string is made shorter than specified length (when possible).
`static String`	`toShortLabel(URL url, int maxLength)`	Same as `toLabel(java.net.URL)` except that the returned string is made shorter than specified length (when possible).
`static URL`	`urlOrFile(String path)`	Equivalent to `urlOrFile(path, false, false, null)`.
`static URL`	`urlOrFile(String path, boolean checkAbsolute)`	Equivalent to `urlOrFile(path, checkAbsolute, false, null)`.
`static URL`	`urlOrFile(String path, boolean checkAbsolute, boolean allowDir)`	Equivalent to `urlOrFile(path, checkAbsolute, allowDir, null)`.
`static URL`	`urlOrFile(String path, boolean checkAbsolute, boolean allowDir, URL baseURL)`	Returns an URL created from specified path.
`static File`	`urlToFile(URL url)`	Converts a `file:` URL to a File.
`static URI`	`urlToURI(URL url)`	Similar to `java.net.URL.toURI()` except that this utility will not throw a `java.net.URISyntaxException` if the URL spec contains illegal characters such as spaces.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - EMPTY_LIST
```
public static final URL[] EMPTY_LIST
```
    A ready-to-use empty list of URLs.
  - COMPARATOR
```
public static final URLUtil.URLComparator COMPARATOR
```
    A ready-to-use URLComparator.
- Method Detail
  - createURL
```
public static URL createURL(String spec)
                     throws MalformedURLException
```
    Same as new URL(spec), except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in spec are %HH-encoded.
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.encode(java.lang.String)
  - createURL
```
public static URL createURL(URL context,
                            String spec)
                     throws MalformedURLException
```
    Same as new URL(context, spec), except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in spec are %HH-encoded.
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.encode(java.lang.String)
  - createURL
```
public static URL createURL(URL context,
                            String spec,
                            URLStreamHandler handler)
                     throws MalformedURLException
```
    Same as new URL(context, spec, handler), except that non-ASCII characters and other illegal characters such as spaces possibly found in spec are %HH-encoded.
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.encode(java.lang.String)
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(String spec)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(String).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(URL context,
                         String spec)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(URL, String).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(URL context,
                         String spec,
                         URLStreamHandler handler)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(URL, String, URLStreamHandler).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(String protocol,
                         String host,
                         String file)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(String, String, String).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(String protocol,
                         String host,
                         int port,
                         String file)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(String, String, int, String).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - newURL
```
public static URL newURL(String protocol,
                         String host,
                         int port,
                         String file,
                         URLStreamHandler handler)
                  throws MalformedURLException
```
    A cover for URL(String, String, int, String, URLStreamHandler).
    
    Throws:
    
    MalformedURLException
  - isFileURL
```
public static boolean isFileURL(URL url)
```
    Returns true if specified URL is a file: URL, otherwise returns false
  - isJarURL
```
public static boolean isJarURL(URL url)
```
    Returns true if specified URL is a jar: URL, otherwise returns false
  - isDataURL
```
public static boolean isDataURL(URL url)
```
    Returns true if specified URL is a data: URL, otherwise returns false
  - urlToFile
```
public static File urlToFile(URL url)
```
    Converts a file: URL to a File.
    On Windows, this function converts a "file:" URL having a host (other than "localhost") to an UNC filename. For example, it converts "file://foo/bar/gee.txt" to "\\foo\bar\gee.txt".
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - the URL to be converted
    
    Returns:
    
    an absolute File or null if url cannot be converted to a File (for example, because url is not a file: URL)
    
    See Also:
    
    isFileURL(java.net.URL), FileUtil.fileToURL(java.io.File), urlOrFile(java.lang.String)
  - urlToURI
```
public static URI urlToURI(URL url)
```
    Similar to java.net.URL.toURI() except that this utility will not throw a java.net.URISyntaxException if the URL spec contains illegal characters such as spaces. In such case, special efforts are made to nevertheless return a URI equivalent to specified URL.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - URL to be converted
    
    Returns:
    
    converted URI or null if this really cannot be done
  - urlOrFile
```
public static URL urlOrFile(String path)
```
    Equivalent to urlOrFile(path, false, false, null).
  - urlOrFile
```
public static URL urlOrFile(String path,
                            boolean checkAbsolute)
```
    Equivalent to urlOrFile(path, checkAbsolute, false, null).
  - urlOrFile
```
public static URL urlOrFile(String path,
                            boolean checkAbsolute,
                            boolean allowDir)
```
    Equivalent to urlOrFile(path, checkAbsolute, allowDir, null).
  - urlOrFile
```
public static URL urlOrFile(String path,
                            boolean checkAbsolute,
                            boolean allowDir,
                            URL baseURL)
```
    Returns an URL created from specified path. First, this convenience function attempts to convert specified path to an URL. If this fails, specified path is considered to be the name of an existing file or directory. If this filename conforms to specified requirements (checkAbsolute, allowDir), it is converted to an URL using FileUtil.fileToURL(java.io.File).
    
    Parameters:
    
    path - external form of an URL or the filename of an existing file or directory.
    If the path contains newline characters, everything after the first newline character, including this character, is ignored.
    The reason for this is that Web browsers such as Firefox seems to append the title of the Web page after its URL.
    
    checkAbsolute - if true, when path is a filename, path must be absolute or this function will return null
    
    allowDir - if true, when path is a filename, path is allowed to be not only the path of a file but also the path of a directory
    
    baseURL - which base URL to use to resolve path when its a relative URL. May be null.
    
    Returns:
    
    an URL or null if specified path cannot be converted to an URL given specified requirements
  - sameRoot
```
public static boolean sameRoot(URL url1,
                               URL url2)
```
    Returns true if specified URLs have the same root.
    
    See Also:
    
    getRoot(java.net.URL)
  - getRoot
```
public static URL getRoot(URL url)
```
    Returns the root of specified URL.
    Example: returns "http://java.sun.com/" for "http://java.sun.com/docs/index.html".
    Example: returns "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/" for "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class".
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    root of specified URL
  - isAncestorOf
```
public static boolean isAncestorOf(URL ancestorURL,
                                   URL url)
```
    Tests whether first specified URL is an ancestor of second specified URL.
    
    Parameters:
    
    ancestorURL - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    true if ancestorURL is equal to or is an ancestor directory of url; false otherwise.
  - getParent
```
public static URL getParent(URL url)
```
    Returns the parent of specified URL, if any. Returned URL has a path which ends with '/'.
    Examples:
    
    Returns "http://java.sun.com/docs/" for "http://java.sun.com/docs/index.html".
    Returns null for "http://java.sun.com/".
    Returns "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/" for "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class".
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    parent of specified URL or null for root URLs.
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.getRawParentPath(String, boolean)
  - getPath
```
public static String getPath(URL url)
```
    Same as getRawPath(java.net.URL) except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - getRawPath
```
public static String getRawPath(URL url)
```
    Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) path, if specified URL has a path.
    Example: returns "/index.html" for "http://www.acme.com/index.html".
    Example: returns "/COM/foo/Quux.class" for "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class".
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    the raw path or null if specified URL has no path (this is not consistent with URL.getPath which returns the empty string in such case)
  - getBaseName
```
public static String getBaseName(URL url)
```
    Same as getRawBaseName(java.net.URL) except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - getRawBaseName
```
public static String getRawBaseName(URL url)
```
    Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) basename part of the path, if specified URL has a path.
    Example: returns "index.html" for "http://www.acme.com/index.html".
    Example: returns "png" for "http://www.acme.com/icons/png/".
    Example: returns "Quux.class" for "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class".
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    basename or null if specified URL has no path (this is not consistent with URL.getPath which returns the empty string in such case)
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.getRawBaseName(java.lang.String)
  - getExtension
```
public static String getExtension(URL url)
```
    Same as getRawExtension(java.net.URL) except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - getRawExtension
```
public static String getRawExtension(URL url)
```
    Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) extension of the path, if specified URL has a path. The extension does not include a leading dot '.'.
    Example: returns "html" for "http://www.acme.com/index.html".
    Example: returns null for "http://www.acme.com/icons/png/".
    Example: returns "class" for "jar:http://www.foo.com/bar/baz.jar!/COM/foo/Quux.class".
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    extension or null if specified URL has no path (this is not consistent with URL.getPath which returns the empty string in such case)
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.getRawExtension(java.lang.String)
  - setExtension
```
public static URL setExtension(URL url,
                               String extension)
```
    Same as setRawExtension(java.net.URL, java.lang.String) except that specified extension is quoted using URIComponent.quotePath(java.lang.String).
  - setRawExtension
```
public static URL setRawExtension(URL url,
                                  String extension)
```
    Changes the extension of specified URL to specified extension.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    extension - new extension. Assumed to have been quoted using URIComponent.quotePath(java.lang.String). May be null which means: remove the extension.
    
    Returns:
    
    an URL identical to url except that its extension has been changed or removed.
    Returns same URL if specified URL has no path or its path ends with '/'.
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.setRawExtension(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
  - getFragment
```
public static String getFragment(URL url)
```
    Same as URL.getRef except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - setFragment
```
public static URL setFragment(URL url,
                              String fragment)
```
    Same as setRawFragment(java.net.URL, java.lang.String) except that specified fragment is quoted using URIComponent.quoteFragment(java.lang.String).
  - setRawFragment
```
public static URL setRawFragment(URL url,
                                 String fragment)
```
    Changes the fragment of specified URL to specified fragment.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    fragment - new fragment. Assumed to have been quoted using URIComponent.quoteFragment(java.lang.String). May be null which means: remove the fragment.
    
    Returns:
    
    an URL identical to url except that its fragment has been changed or removed. Returns url as is if specified URL has no path.
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.setRawFragment(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
  - getUserName
```
public static String getUserName(URL url)
```
    Same as getRawUserName(java.net.URL) except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - getRawUserName
```
public static String getRawUserName(URL url)
```
    Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) user name, if a user info is found in specified URL. Returns null otherwise.
  - getUserPassword
```
public static String getUserPassword(URL url)
```
    Same as getRawUserPassword(java.net.URL) except that the returned value is decoded using URIComponent.decode(java.lang.String).
  - getRawUserPassword
```
public static String getRawUserPassword(URL url)
```
    Returns the raw (that is, possibly containing %HH escapes) user password, if a user info is found in specified URL. Returns null otherwise.
  - setUserInfo
```
public static URL setUserInfo(URL url,
                              String userName,
                              String password)
```
    Same as setRawUserInfo(java.net.URL, java.lang.String, java.lang.String) except that specified user info is quoted using URIComponent.quoteUserInfo(java.lang.String).
  - setRawUserInfo
```
public static URL setRawUserInfo(URL url,
                                 String userName,
                                 String password)
```
    Changes the user info of specified URL to specified user info.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierachical or "jar:" URL
    
    userName - new username. Assumed to have been quoted using URIComponent.quoteUserInfo(java.lang.String). May be null, which means: remove user info.
    
    password - new password. Assumed to have been quoted using URIComponent.quoteUserInfo(java.lang.String). May be null, which means: password not specified.
    
    Returns:
    
    an URL identical to url except that its user info has been changed or removed.
  - getRawRelativePath
```
public static String getRawRelativePath(URL url,
                                        URL base)
```
    Returns the path of specified URL relative to specified base URL.
    More precisely returns relativePath such that new URL(base, relativePath) equals url.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierarchical or "jar:" URL
    
    base - another hierarchical or "jar:" URL
    
    Returns:
    
    a relative path possibly followed by the query and fragment components of url or URL.toExternalForm if url or base have no path or if url and base don't have the same root
    
    See Also:
    
    URIComponent.getRawRelativePath(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
  - toLabel
```
public static String toLabel(URL url)
```
    Same as toDisplayForm(java.net.URL) but file: URLs not having a fragment are displayed as plain file names.
  - toDisplayForm
```
public static String toDisplayForm(URL url)
```
    Same as java.net.URL.toExternalForm except that returned string may contain non-ASCII characters and that, if specified URL contains a password, the characters of this password are replaced by '*'.
    Example: returns ftp://jjc%40xx.com:******@ftp.xx.com/pub/My%20report.doc for ftp://jjc%40xx.com:s%25same@ftp.xx.com/pub/My%20report.doc.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - a hierarchical URL possibly having a fragment and a query string
    
    Returns:
    
    display form or URL.toExternalForm if specified URL is opaque ("jar:" URLs are opaque).
  - toShortLabel
```
public static String toShortLabel(URL url,
                                  int maxLength)
```
    Same as toLabel(java.net.URL) except that the returned string is made shorter than specified length (when possible). This function is useful to display the recently opened URLs in the File menu of an application.
  - toShortDisplayForm
```
public static String toShortDisplayForm(URL url,
                                        int maxLength)
```
    Same as toDisplayForm(java.net.URL) except that the returned string is made shorter than specified length (when possible). This function is useful to display the recently opened URLs in the File menu of an application.
    Supports "jar:" URLs, but returns other opaque URLs as is.
  - exists
```
public static boolean exists(URL url)
```
    Equivalent to exists(url, true, -1).
  - exists
```
public static boolean exists(URL url,
                             boolean followRedirects,
                             int timeout)
                      throws IOException
```
    Tests whether specified URL corresponds to an existing resource.
    This method treats "file:" URLs as a special, optimized, case.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - the URL to be tested
    
    followRedirects - if true, follow redirections, ("301: Moved Permanently", "302: Temporary Redirect") including very common http to https ones.
    
    timeout - specifies both connect and read timeout values in milliseconds. 0 means: infinite timeout. A negative value means: default value.
    
    Returns:
    
    true if specified URL corresponds to an existing resource; returns false otherwise.
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if there is an I/O problem
  - lastModified
```
public static long lastModified(URL url)
```
    Equivalent to lastModified(url, true, -1).
  - lastModified
```
public static long lastModified(URL url,
                                boolean followRedirects,
                                int timeout)
                         throws IOException
```
    Returns the date of the resource having specified URL.
    This method treats "file:" URLs as a special, optimized, case.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - the URL to be tested
    
    followRedirects - if true, follow redirections, ("301: Moved Permanently", "302: Temporary Redirect") including very common http to https ones.
    
    timeout - specifies both connect and read timeout values in milliseconds. 0 means: infinite timeout. A negative value means: default value.
    
    Returns:
    
    A number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970 GMT. If specified URL does not exist or if this date is unknown, a number which is negative or null.
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if there is an I/O problem
  - checkHttpConnection
```
public static URLConnection checkHttpConnection(URLConnection connection,
                                                boolean followRedirects)
                                         throws IOException
```
    Establish specified HTTP connection and check whether it returns a "200 OK".
    No effect when specified connection is not a HttpURLConnection (e.g. a JarURLConnection).
    
    Parameters:
    
    connection - HTTP connection to be checked
    
    followRedirects - if true, follow redirections, ("301: Moved Permanently", "302: Temporary Redirect") including very common http to https ones.
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - when specified HTTP connection returned a code other than "200 OK". The message of the exception contains information about what happened.
  - loadBytes
```
public static byte[] loadBytes(URL url)
                        throws IOException
```
    Equivalent to loadBytes(url, true, -1).
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException
  - loadBytes
```
public static byte[] loadBytes(URL url,
                               boolean followRedirects,
                               int timeout)
                        throws IOException
```
    Loads the content of an URL containing binary data.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - the URL of the binary data
    
    followRedirects - if true, follow redirections, ("301: Moved Permanently", "302: Temporary Redirect") including very common http to https ones.
    
    timeout - specifies both connect and read timeout values in milliseconds. 0 means: infinite timeout. A negative value means: default value.
    
    Returns:
    
    the loaded bytes
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if there is an I/O problem
  - copyFile
```
public static int copyFile(String srcLocation,
                           String dstLocation)
                    throws IllegalArgumentException,
                           IOException
```
    Copies the contents of specified URL to specified "file:" URL.
    
    Parameters:
    
    srcLocation - URL of the source file in string form. If relative, this location is relative to the current working directory.
    
    dstLocation - URL of the destination file in string form. If relative, this location is relative to the current working directory.
    
    Throws:
    
    IllegalArgumentException - if srcLocation cannot be parsed as an URL or if dstLocation cannot be parsed as a "file:" URL.
    
    IOException - if an I/O problem occurs
  - loadString
```
public static String loadString(URL url)
                         throws IOException
```
    Equivalent to loadString(url, null, true, -1).
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException
  - loadString
```
public static String loadString(URL url,
                                String charset)
                         throws IOException
```
    Equivalent to loadString(url, charset, true, -1).
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException
  - loadString
```
public static String loadString(URL url,
                                String charset,
                                boolean followRedirects,
                                int timeout)
                         throws IOException
```
    Loads the content of an URL containing text.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - the URL of the text resource
    
    charset - the IANA charset of the text source if known; specifying null means detect it using the content type obtained from the connection
    
    followRedirects - if true, follow redirections, ("301: Moved Permanently", "302: Temporary Redirect") including very common http to https ones.
    
    timeout - specifies both connect and read timeout values in milliseconds. 0 means: infinite timeout. A negative value means: default value.
    
    Returns:
    
    the loaded String
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if there is an I/O problem
  - contentTypeToCharset
```
public static String contentTypeToCharset(String contentType)
```
    Returns the value of the charset parameter possibly found in specified content type. For example, returns "utf-8", when passed "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    
    Parameters:
    
    contentType - a content type (AKA media type) possibly having a charset parameter
    
    Returns:
    
    value of the charset parameter (lower case) if any; null otherwise
  - contentTypeToMedia
```
public static String contentTypeToMedia(String contentType)
```
    Parses a content type such as "text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" and returns the media type (for the above example "text/html").
    
    Parameters:
    
    contentType - the content type to be parsed
    
    Returns:
    
    the media type (lower case) if parsing was successful; null otherwise.
  - normalizeContentType
```
public static String normalizeContentType(String contentType,
                                          String defaultCharset)
```
    Returns a normalized string form for specified content type.
    Example: returns text/html;charset=iso-8859-1 for text/html; charset="ISO-8859-1".
    
    Parameters:
    
    contentType - content type to be normalized
    
    defaultCharset - charset to add as a parameter to the content type when this parameter is absent. May be null.
    
    Returns:
    
    normalized string form for specified content type; null if specified content type is malformed.
    
    See Also:
    
    sameContentType(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
  - sameContentType
```
public static boolean sameContentType(String ct1,
                                      String ct2,
                                      String defaultCharset)
```
    Tests whether specified content types are identical.
    Examples:
    
    Returns true for text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 and text/html;charset="iso-8859-1".
    Returns false for text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 and text/html.
    Parameters:
    
    ct1 - content type to be tested
    
    ct2 - content type to be tested
    
    defaultCharset - charset to add as a parameter to a content type when this parameter is absent. May be null.
    
    Returns:
    
    true if specified content types are identical; false otherwise
    
    See Also:
    
    normalizeContentType(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
  - openConnectionNoCache
```
public static URLConnection openConnectionNoCache(URL url)
                                           throws IOException
```
    Similar to url.openConnection except that the accessed resource may not be a cached copy.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - URL for which an URLConnection must be opened
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if URLConnection cannot be opened
    
    See Also:
    
    openStreamNoCache(URL)
  - openStreamNoCache
```
public static InputStream openStreamNoCache(URL url)
                                     throws IOException
```
    Similar to url.openStream except that the accessed resource may not be a cached copy.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - URL for which an input stream must be opened
    
    Returns:
    
    opened input stream
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if the input stream cannot be opened
    
    See Also:
    
    openConnectionNoCache(URL)
  - openConnectionUseCache
```
public static URLConnection openConnectionUseCache(URL url)
                                            throws IOException
```
    Similar to url.openConnection except that the accessed resource may be a cached copy.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - URL for which an URLConnection must be opened
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if URLConnection cannot be opened
    
    See Also:
    
    openStreamUseCache(URL)
  - openStreamUseCache
```
public static InputStream openStreamUseCache(URL url)
                                      throws IOException
```
    Similar to url.openStream except that the accessed resource may be a cached copy.
    
    Parameters:
    
    url - URL for which an input stream must be opened
    
    Returns:
    
    opened input stream
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if the input stream cannot be opened
    
    See Also:
    
    openConnectionUseCache(URL)

Modifier and Type	Field	Description
`static URLUtil.URLComparator`	`COMPARATOR`	A ready-to-use URLComparator.
`static URL[]`	`EMPTY_LIST`	A ready-to-use empty list of URLs.

Class URLUtil

Nested Class Summary

Field Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

EMPTY_LIST

COMPARATOR

Method Detail

createURL

createURL

createURL

newURL

newURL

newURL

newURL

newURL

newURL

isFileURL

isJarURL

isDataURL

urlToFile

urlToURI

urlOrFile

urlOrFile

urlOrFile

urlOrFile

sameRoot

getRoot

isAncestorOf

getParent

getPath

getRawPath

getBaseName

getRawBaseName

getExtension

getRawExtension

setExtension

setRawExtension

getFragment

setFragment

setRawFragment

getUserName

getRawUserName

getUserPassword

getRawUserPassword

setUserInfo

setRawUserInfo

getRawRelativePath

toLabel

toDisplayForm

toShortLabel

toShortDisplayForm

exists

exists

lastModified

lastModified

checkHttpConnection

loadBytes

loadBytes

copyFile

loadString

loadString

loadString

contentTypeToCharset

contentTypeToMedia

normalizeContentType

sameContentType

openConnectionNoCache

openStreamNoCache

openConnectionUseCache

openStreamUseCache